CSA is not a set of practices that can be universally applied, but rather an approach that involves different elements embedded in local contexts. CSA relates to actions both on-farm and beyond the farm, and incorporates technologies, policies, institutions and investment. This sub-theme provides an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to share their experiences and good practices on farms, ecosystem and landscape management, crops, livestock, aquaculture and services for farmers to manage resources better, produce more with less while increasing resilience.
The Rationale is that, FAO estimates that feeding the world population will require a 60 percent increase in total agricultural production. With many of the resources needed for sustainable food security already stretched, the food security challenges are huge. At the same time climate change is already negatively impacting agricultural production globally and locally. Impacts on agriculture threaten both food security and agriculture’s pivotal role in rural livelihoods and broad-based development. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an integrative approach to address these interlinked challenges of food security and climate change. So it is very important to support farmer to adapt into climate change need innovative extension and advisory services approaches. The knowledge management is a discipline that seeks to improve the performance of individual (farmers) and organizations by maintaining and leveraging the present and future value of knowledge asset… it also encompasses any (social) processes and practices concerned with the creation, acquisition, capture, sharing and use of knowledge, skills and expertise, whether these are explicitly labelled as knowledge management or not. (Ferguson et al 2008). But there is a general agreement that KM is about striking the right balance among people, processes and technology.